History of Entomology in India.

Major points related to dominance of Insects in Animal kingdom.

Classification of phylum Arthropoda upto classes. Relationship of class Insecta with other classes of Arthropoda.

Morphology: Structure and functions of insect cuticle and moulting.

Body segmentation- structure of head, thorax and abdomen.

Structure and modifications of insect antennae.

Structure and modifications of insect mouth parts.

Structure and modifications of insect leg.

Wing venation, modifications and wing coupling apparatus.

Metamorphosis and diapause in insects, types of larvae and pupae.

Structure and functions of digestive system.

Structure and functions of circulatory and excretory system.

Structure and functions of respiratory system.

Structure and functions of nervous system.

Structure and functions of secretory (endocrine) system

Structure and functions of reproductive system and types of reproduction in insects.

Structure of major sensory organs.

Insect Ecology: Introduction, Environment and its components. Effect of abiotic factors and biotic factors. Categories of pests.

Systematics: Taxonomy- importance, history and development and binomial nomenclature. Definitions of Biotype, Sub-species, Species, Genus, Family and Order.

Classification of class Insecta up to Orders, basic groups of present- day insects with special emphasis to orders and families of Agricultural importance:

Orthoptera: Acrididae, Tettigoniidae, Gryllidae, Gryllotalpidae; Dictyoptera: Mantidae, Blattidae; Odonata; Isoptera: Termitidae Thysanoptera: Thripidae.

Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Coreidae, Cimicidae, Pyrrhocoridae, Lygaeidae, Cicadellidae, Delphacidae, Aphididae, Coccidae, Lophophidae, Aleurodidae, Pseudococcidae. _ Neuroptera: Chrysopidae

Lepidoptera: Pieridae, Papiloinidae, Noctuidae, _Sphingidae, Pyralidae, Gelechiidae, Arctiidae, Saturnidae, Bombycidae.

Coleoptera: — Coccinellidae, Chrysomelidae, _ Cerambycidae, Curculionidae, Bruchidae, Scarabaeidae;

Hymenoptera: Tenthridinidae, Apidae, Trichogrammatidae, Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, Chalcididae.

Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Tachinidae, Agromyziidae, Culicidae, Muscidae, Tephritidae;

Methods of collection and preservation of insects including immature stages.

External features of Grasshopper/Cockroach.

Types of insect antennae, mouthparts and legs.

Wing venation, types of wings and wing coupling apparatus.

Types of insect larvae and pupae

Dissection of digestive system in insects (Grasshopper! Cockroach)

Study of characters of orders Orthoptera, Dictyoptera with their families of agricultural importance.

Study of characters of orders Odonata, Isoptera, Thysanoptera with their families of agricultural importance.

Study of characters of order Hemiptera and diptera with its families of agricultural importance.

Study of characters of order Lepidoptera with its families of agricultural importance.

Study of characters of order Coleoptera with its families of agricultural importance.

Study of characters of orders Hymenoptera and Neuroptera with their families of agricultural importance.

Pesticide appliances and their maintenance.

Sampling techniques for estimation of insect population and damage.